Studies have shown that throwing iron particles into the ocean can reduce greenhouse gas emissions. British scientists found that when iron is mixed into the ocean, it can produce a large amount of seaweed. When algae die and fall into the depths of the ocean, they will take away the carbon they have sequestered (capped), thereby reducing the impact of climate change.
The international team involved in the study put a few tons of ferric sulfate into an ocean vortex in the 1.7-square-kilometer sea area near Antarctica. The results showed that in less than a week, this nutrient-rich sea area was low in iron A lot of seaweed grows.
During the seven-week period, scientists monitored the waters inside and outside the vortex before, during and after the ferric sulfate application. Among them, after 3 weeks, they found that the phytoplankton that had grown within 100 meters from the sea surface fell below 1000 meters, and took away the carbon absorbed from the atmosphere. This process sinks carbon to the bottom of the sea. Scientists believe that this carbon will stay in the "villi" of the seabed for centuries or even longer.
Seaweed includes tiny marine plants and photosynthetic microorganisms. Although they grow naturally in the ocean, due to the low iron content in certain sea areas, adding iron to these seawaters can promote the growth of seaweed.
Researchers estimate that every additional iron atom can take away at least about 13,000 carbon atoms in the atmosphere. This is achieved by relying on the growth of photosynthetic algae to capture a large number of carbon atoms.
Dr. Harry Leach of the School of Environmental Sciences at the University of Liverpool is a member of the international research team. Compare the changes in the waters within and outside the range. "
By using a series of instruments to monitor the levels of nutrients and plankton from the surface of the ocean to the bottom of the sea, the researchers believe that at least half of the algae have sunk below 1,000 meters from the surface of the sea, and most of them have sunk to the bottom of the sea, and more than half The carbon absorbed from the sea is taken away.
Leach said: "We have demonstrated for the first time that carbon can be absorbed by seaweed with a lot of iron fertilizer and can eventually sink to the bottom of the sea. This not only confirms our understanding of the global carbon cycle, but it also helps to alleviate carbon dioxide concentration. Increase. Carbon dioxide is one of the main causes of climate change. "
"However, to determine whether these research results can provide a feasible solution for reducing the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, more experiments are needed." Leach added.
As an oceanographer, Leach specializes in the research of the North Atlantic Ocean and the Southern Ocean. He said: "I am very interested in the role of ocean vorticity and its impact on primary productivity. In addition, I am also very concerned about sea level and the ocean circulation conditions it reveals and the problems of the ocean area of ​​particular concern."
It is reported that the European Ocean Iron Fertilizer Experiment (EIFEX) used the German "Polar Star" research ship, and the research was led by the Alfred Wegener Polar Oceanographic Institute (AWI) in Bremen, Germany. .
At the same time, some scientists have criticized this geo-engineering technology aimed at mitigating climate change, arguing that this research may lead to unpredictable negative environmental effects, and may even make people feel complacent while reducing global carbon emissions.
Actor Professor Victor Smetacek, who leads the new research, responded: "The time to identify authenticity is now: although some geoengineering technologies are more dangerous than others, doing nothing is probably the most undesirable option."
Smetacek also said: "Previous experiments could not record the impact of a large increase in biomass. By conducting experiments in a closed vortex area, we can track and quantify changes in biomass. Now we can prove that the large-scale reproduction of diatoms can Bring most of the biomass into the deep sea, and it is likely that they will be deposited on the bottom of the sea. "" China Science Journal "(2013-01-28 2nd edition international)
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