1 Reasons affecting the quality of book printing
One or other quality problems often occur in the process of book binding production. Such as printing quality defects manifested as uneven ink color, through-printing, overprint error, ink skin, lack of net, white pages, missing pens and broken paintings, dirty stains, etc., binding quality defects manifested as inaccurate folding, multiple posts, wrong posts , Page number error exceeds the standard, continuous pages, shrink pages, page breaks, residual pages, severe empty back, side glue cracking, etc., the hardcover defects are loose lock lines, obvious steps, ridges, floating mouths, etc., caused by raw materials The quality defects are manifested as paper holes, severe paper color difference, and damage. The reasons for the above problems are various, and the main reasons are as follows.
1) Reasons for construction period and cycle
The printing unit shall arrange production according to the cycle time required by the publishing house, and allocate printing according to the existing equipment. Due to the tight cycle requirements of the publishing unit, the printing unit accepts many tasks (variety, quantity) from the client unit, resulting in a small-mouthed phenomenon, that is, it can not be eaten, and cannot be completed within the cycle time required by the publishing unit, and the enterprise is in a hurry. More serious, overtime and overtime to hurry production, shorten the construction period, resulting in a decline in the quality of printing and printing of publications. Due to the "two seasons" phenomenon prevailing in the business of book printing companies, the peak production period in spring and autumn, the production of teaching materials and teaching aids is very heavy, and the energy in general book printing production is limited. Strengthen the quality of the product. In the peak season, there are many production tasks and limited production capacity. The next printing is impossible, so the company first grasps the big color order to print the book. Generally, the book is delayed, and even refuses to accept it. Treated, sloppy engaged, only busy with the progress of the construction period, quality awareness and quality management has relaxed a lot.
2) Reasons for equipment mismatch and materials used
In undertaking tasks, publishing houses often have specific requirements of one kind or another. Some book productions have very high requirements on the printing process. Some printing units have poor or no existing equipment. Originally, some products that could not be undertaken were hard to accept due to business. The quality of the processed products is not tracked and guaranteed. Although the printing unit takes the quality of its processed products seriously, some special processes require that the quality of the printed parts cannot be guaranteed. The quality of the products produced The appearance always feels a bit powerless. For example, the equipment and environment of the printing workshop of some enterprises are not very good, and how can the quality of the printing process be guaranteed. Due to price factors, some printing units refuse to use good production materials and auxiliary materials, such as PS plates, inks, blankets and glue, etc., resulting in general printing quality, the color cannot be produced, the quality of the glue binding is poor, and the finished product is submitted for inspection When it is pulled, the glue is opened. In addition, the printing of publications is processed by materials, and the papers distributed to the publishers are printed to the paper, and the problems of color difference and damage of the paper will not be checked, resulting in the inner core of the printed products, uneven ink color, and handwriting. Unclear and other issues.
3) Quality reasons of film and proofing
The quality of the film output directly affects the quality of the print. The film should maintain the same density before and after, good transparency, no fog, scratches, spots and dirty marks, the center of the plate should be consistent, and the error should not exceed ± 1mm. For four-color film, you must check whether the angle of the gauge line and the network line are correct, and whether the front and back of the image are correct. Because some reprinted books or partly revised, revised textbooks, and teaching auxiliary books were only partly produced or changed to a four-color film. When reprinted, the film density or network cable was inconsistent. After the book was completed, it was ok. The printing quality of several posts is different, either dark or light, inconsistent. After the proofing of the plate-making film, because the color is adjusted and the film is re-produced, it is no longer proofed to save costs, resulting in inaccurate color sequence or inability to grasp the correct color sample during printing, which affects the quality. Especially for digital proofing, due to the inconsistent use of control software, proofing paper and ink by the plate-making company, the printing accuracy is also different, and the quality is not the same. It is difficult to grasp the sample during traditional printing.
4) Reasons for book binding and layout design
The framing and layout design must meet the production process requirements of layout, printing and installation. Some large-area solid designs and fine patterns are designed on the same layout. Because solid printing requires the adsorption of thicker ink, under pressure, it is easy to cause the ink traces to soak into the fine line patterns, making them dirty and unrecognizable. Some texts are designed for four-color overprinting (including reverse white overprinting) and dot overprinting, which can easily lead to inaccurate overprinting. On the cover, the spine is often designed as a color block and the thickness of the spine is too tight. When binding and binding, the cover on the binding machine moves slightly, and the color block will be biased toward the cover or back cover. The cross-page design of some patterns on the text layout design is best designed on the same layout in the same printing sheet, so that it will not be staggered when folding, and the number of dots in the text shading design should not be too large. Shading Too deep affects reading. Paper is also prone to fluffing and dusting during printing. The number of dots is too low, it is easy to lose when printing, and the shading cannot be printed out. The header and page number decoration line patterns should also be designed to avoid bleeding as much as possible. Due to the error of imposition folding, after the book is bound, from the appearance, the color block lines at the cutout are uneven, affecting the appearance.
2 Response measures
To sum up, how to ensure the quality of book and book printing and binding, each printing unit must make great efforts to rectify, to formulate practical and effective management measures, to pursue in creating high-quality books, quality is the printing unit The best reputation and brand. To this end, it is recommended to take the following measures.
1) For the print samples, films, vouchers and production requirements (including process and cycle requirements) of the book products of the publishing house, we must carefully review, align the films and editions, check the version size of the books, the design requirements for the binding, the spine, Hue, printing order, ring insert, preface, copyright page, etc. If you are unclear or missing, you should contact the person in charge (printing supervision and responsible editor), understand the implementation and put it in place, and communicate with the publishing unit in time to obtain quality cooperation and support, such as the guarantee and cooperation of the quality of raw materials in the material department .
2) When the task is busy, the printing unit must do its best when accepting the task, and can not take back the products that cannot guarantee the quality of the process for the sake of business. You should consider your own actual situation, what type of prints are received under the conditions of ensuring quality and cycle, do a good job in the cycle management of the printing process and the cycle management of the binding process, and timely grasp the sample, film, and material situation, and do Good scheduling and coordination to ensure smooth production process.
3) Encourage enterprises to actively promote the use of new technologies, new processes and new materials, strengthen equipment replacement and technical training for practitioners, combine product quality with economic responsibility systems, strengthen process quality control, establish effective quality inspection systems, strengthen Product management, do a good job in product creation.
4) The management department of the publishing house should further adopt quality incentive measures to reward and punish the poor, and undertake various book types for each printing unit. There is an appropriate proportion of high-quality books in the number of varieties. . Strengthen the work of production scheduling, reasonably stipulate the printing cycle, and "print, print, and order" handover of published prints. Organize the binding design and editors to visit the printing process to clarify the choice of printing process.
5) Strengthen the work of sending samples and evaluation samples (quality inspection). After the book is printed, the printing unit must first send the samples and then ship them into the warehouse. After finding the problem, they will rework and cause the editorial department and the publisher to refuse to sign the samples . Anyone who meets the criteria for the evaluation of printed books must not be short of inspections or missed deliveries, nor can they not be picked out because of the quality. Those who fail to meet the standards of assessments should not be sent. How is the quality done? Take a look at the results of the comparison. Well-focused enterprise business should be focused.
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