Clinical significance of anti-P53 antibody detection method

Methods for detecting P53 antibodies are immunoprecipitation and Western blotting (immunoblotting) using mutant cell extracts as antigens. ELISA is also a commonly used method. There are two types of ELISA: one is a sandwich method using mutant P53 as an antigen; the other is a direct ELISA using wild P53 as an antigen. The difference in detection methods results in a significant difference in the detection rate of P53 autoantibodies in the following cancer patients. The detection rate of breast cancer changes to 1%, 5%, 9%, 14%, and 25.6%, which may be due to the different sensitivity of different detection methods (ELISA, immunoprecipitation, Western blot), and the selection of patients. Differences such as differences in clinical conditions, environmental or geographic factors.

P53 gene mutation and P53 protein aggregation can be used as indicators of poor prognosis and strong tumor invasion in breast and colon cancer. Although there is no inevitable relationship between P53 gene mutations and P53 autoantibodies, the analysis of P53 mutations in serum provides a simpler method than DNA sequence analysis. Process dynamic observation, etc. P53 antibody detection is a method for evaluating P53 mutations. This method is not affected by impurities in tumor tissues.
Recently it has been reported that P53 antibodies can be found in the serum of heavy smokers, which may be a sign of lung cancer. At present, the detection method is in urgent need of standardization. After large-scale detection and analysis, the clinical significance of P53 mutation will eventually be clarified, and P53 antibody detection may become a valuable serum indicator for early diagnosis of various tumors and judgment of prognosis.

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