1. System design
A 25-square-meter studio and a 100-square-meter release hall. In terms of the introduction of advanced technology and equipment, we focus on introducing the latest technological achievements at home and abroad, and continue to try to introduce new equipment; in the early recording system, the video system is designed for high-definition standards. In order to achieve better signal quality, video and audio all use digital signal transmission. The video system is the TXCD850 high-definition video virtual guide system. It uses Newtek's Tricaster TXCD850 high-definition video virtual system. It has strong video processing functions and is a high-performance and cost-effective guide system. The camera uses SONY PMW-EX330K professional broadcast-grade high-definition camera. It is a shoulder-mounted memory card camcorder. It uses a 1 / 2-inch full-HD CMOS imager, which can be used either as a stand-alone or as a full-featured camera in the studio. The editing system takes production, broadcast, recording and storage management as an organic whole. The overall technical platform is divided into three parts: early studio recording, late nonlinear editing and production, and delayed broadcast.
2. System characteristics
Pre-recording system: the main channel of video and audio signals is digital embedded signals, and the peripheral equipment is simple. The video and audio signals are transmitted by a digital line. The line is clear, the failure rate is low, and the cost performance is high.
Later Non-Linear Editing Network: Adopting the Zhongguang Shangyang Non-Editing System, it is a highly efficient program production platform. The studio recording signal (digital embedded signal) is directly uploaded to the non-linear editing network to realize the tapeless operation. To avoid the signal degradation caused by multi-band replication, the edited material in the non-linear editing network can also be directly transferred into the guide The system is synthesized with the programs recorded on the spot. It greatly improves the work efficiency.
Incorporate the delayed broadcast part into the unified management of the studio. Problems that occur during the live broadcast of the program can be dealt with in a timely manner, which is convenient, fast and convenient for scheduling.
3. Systematic discussion
1. Studio recording and broadcasting system
The 25-square-meter studio and the 100-square-meter release hall include a complete studio system, that is, a video system, audio system, synchronization system, editing system, intercom system, lighting system, etc. The design function is complete and has a good live broadcast backup Measures. The main systems are described in detail below:
The video system is designed for high-definition standards. To achieve better signal quality, video and audio are all transmitted using digital signals. The video system consists of 4 camera signals, 4 video recorder signals, 2 caption machine signals, 2 non-linear editing signals, and 2 external signals. The main signal path is to output video signals from each signal source into the virtual guide system, and then go to the VCR and master control through the digital video distribution board.
The mixer is equipped with YAMAHA
MG166C mixer. It is equipped with 2 channels of condenser microphones, 6 channels of wireless microphones, 2 channels of number of people, 1 channel of effect device, 1 channel of telephone coupler, 3 channels of video player and other multi-channel signal inputs. The studio is equipped with a small mixer for the synthesis of sound signals such as live bands. The output signal is sent to the mixer as a 2-line signal. The output signal of the mixer is sent to the embedding board through the 2 × l switch to embed the audio signal in the video signal, and the video and audio embedding signal is sent to the recording part and the broadcasting part respectively.
2. Non-linear editing network system
When designing the system, we choose the non-linear editing network of Zhongguang Shangyang. U-EDIT1000HD is a high-definition full-interface non-linear editing product that realizes HDMI high-definition digital input and output, HD / SD SDI input and output, and analog input. Output, high standard definition component input and output, BB / Tri-Level phase-locked input, analog balanced input and output, AES / EBU digital unbalanced input and output, stereo microphone input, stereo headphone output, 5.1 surround sound output.
The new open interactive software design is designed based on the user's internal needs. The optimized workflow fully meets the full range of applications from standard definition to high definition, and provides more potential for expansion in the future. Broadcast-level high-quality video and audio processing technology, a full set of system creative and editing tools, integration of advanced design concepts, a number of industry-leading application functions, a powerful 3D subtitle animation creation system and a practical audio processing module, flexible use of your Unlimited imagination, achieve peak creation.
Product Features:
Broadcast-grade high-definition non-linear editing products for high-definition editing, based on the 64-bit Windows 7 operating system, using the Cutelink series of high-definition digital boards with U-EDIT non-editing software to meet the needs of high-quality high-definition television program production, such as large-scale Feature films, documentaries, biographies, column packaging synthesis, film and television drama compilation and special effects production
core advantages
Breaking through the 4GB memory barrier, the performance has been greatly improved, the new CuteLink series of cards have low power consumption and high performance, more editing tools are added, practical and easy to operate, and three-dimensional graphics and text are used to create dynamic materials.
4. Lighting system
Lighting technical parameters:
A: Illumination: with the host as the center, the average illumination is 800 ～ 1000LX;
B: Color temperature: the average color temperature is about 3200K;
C: light ratio: backlight: main light = 1.5 (2): 1 main light: auxiliary light = 1.5 (2): 1
D: Power: The total power consumption is 30KW; E: Cable: Class I flame retardant cable;
F: Use three-phase four-wire system or other methods according to the actual power distribution requirements;
G: Lamp height: located between 1.6 and 2.5 meters from the platform surface; 5-6 meters from the release hall
H: The light is a three-color lamp with a constant and constant cold light source. The light is soft, the shadow is dimmed, and it is not dazzling. It hardly increases the indoor temperature;
I: The lamp corner adopts the 1324 type imported from the United States;
J: The lamp ballast is imported Philips or OSRAN;
K: The lamp tube is imported Philips930 or OSRAN32930;
L: The reflector system of the lamps and lanterns adopts the high-gloss permanent mirror reflective stainless steel plate imported from Japan.
Description of lighting design scheme:
1. The light in the studio area is dominated by cold light sources, and the backlight part uses 2 large-area luminous spotlights to make the entire lighting area have a clear level, strong three-dimensional sense, and soft and even light;
2. The surface light part adopts 2 sets of cold light source lamps, so that the whole picture has sufficient brightness and a large illumination range, which can fully ensure the use of 1-2 host and interview programs;
3. The front side light adopts two cold light source lamps. This light is mainly used to lighten the shadows of the cheeks and lower forehead that the main light can't shine. When used in conjunction with the main light, the overall picture of the character is natural, harmonious, and no obvious Importance
4. The background light adopts 2 cold light source lamps, which can meet the requirements of background brightness;
5. The control part is controlled by the light control box according to the non-adjustable light;
Five audio system:
(1) Mixer
The mixer is the core equipment of the entire audio system. The ALESIS TGM242F mixer is selected to transmit, process, and distribute various sound source signals through it. In professional sound reinforcement and recording systems, the mixer is the center, connecting various sound source equipment, output equipment and signal processing equipment to complete the sound reinforcement and recording work.
(2) Audio source equipment
We are equipped with a TASCAM MD-CD1 player. We are equipped with a handheld condenser microphone. This series of wireless microphones use graded reception technology. The performance is stable and a built-in feedback suppressor and transmitter battery charger. The frequency adjustment is clear and simple, and it has gain adjustment. , Hiss removal, compression control, through selection and other functions, it is very convenient to use.
(3) Sound reinforcement part
The sound reinforcement system is mainly composed of speakers and power amplifiers. In the audio equipment, the speaker occupies a pivotal position. According to the architectural and acoustic characteristics of the site, we use Turbaosheng 2 mid-high speakers as the main speakers, 2 ultra-low speakers to create a stronger atmosphere, and 4 full-range surrounds .According to the design of the release hall, 4 speakers are placed in partitions; the configuration of the power amplifier can be flexibly connected in bridge, dual-channel stereo, and dual-channel parallel output modes according to the actual situation, and the rated output power can be 20% -50% greater than the rated power of the speaker , It can not only improve the safety and reliability of the system, but also extremely beneficial to improve the sound quality of the system; provide true, uniform and appropriate sound pressure return sound for the actors.
Under the premise of a good indoor acoustic environment, the more accurate the sound image localization, the more realistic and natural the sound, the more realistic and immersive the presence of the sound, so the placement of the speaker is particularly important.
Due to the geometric dimensions of the hall, the sound absorption characteristics of the decorative materials and the irregularities of the structure, as well as the inherent defects of the electroacoustic conversion of the speaker unit, it is required to ensure the placement of each speaker and the radiation angle to ensure an even distribution of the sound field. The front speakers of the left and right channels are separated from each other by almost the same width as the studio. They can be placed at half the height of the studio; the front speakers are placed in an equilateral triangle with the singer; Good speaker cable and repeatedly play a piece of music with strong bass effect, then listen carefully around the studio to find the most stable, deepest and clearest point of the bass, which is the best placement of the subwoofer.
(4) Monitoring part
With YAMAHA PS5 2 only the source speakers are used for left and right channel monitoring, and the speakers are placed in an equilateral triangle with the user.
(5) Peripheral equipment
Choosing the appropriate peripheral equipment can enable us to adjust the sound more accurately, so that we can get the perfect sound effect on site. We connect the equalizer to the main output channel, and enhance, attenuate or cut off the signals of different frequencies or frequency bands to achieve the purpose of processing and beautifying the sound and improving the transmission quality of the channel; in order to be compatible with other needs, a multi-function effect is also configured To meet the needs of various functions.
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